E Cigarettes and Lung Health American Lung Association E cigs and Vaping: How Are They Impacting Our Youth? Menthol in electronic cigarettes causes biophysical inhibition of pulmonary surfactant American Journal of Physiology Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology American Physiological Society Although research on cancer risks associated with vaping is still limited, a 2025 systematic review found substantial evidence that e cigarette exposure is associated with biomarkers reflective of cancer disease risk. This includes E Cigarette How E Cigarettes Work, Health Risks & Teen Use Broad evidence implicates e cigarettes as a cause of cancer Stanton Glantz blog